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The Task Based Training approach is used by all Services and Industry on the Instructional Systems Development/Systems Approach to Training (ISD/SAT) process and the development of instructional materials. ISD/SAT process phases include: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation, Maintenance
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What is Instructional Design?
Many definitions exist for instructional design - all of them are an expression of underlying philosophies and view points of what is involved in the learning process. Distinguishing the underlying philosophy of learning (in terms of: How does learning occur? What factors influence learning? What is the role of memory? How does transfer occur? What types of learning are best explained by the theory? Learning Theory) can help instructors and designers select the design model most congruent with their education philosophies. The following is a listing of ID definitions:
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Prescriptive Models
Behaviorist
Prescribed Methodologies
Modern Approaches
Phenomenological Models
Cognitivist
Constructivist
Postmodern Approaches
Comparative Summaries
Behaviorism vs
Cognitivism vs
Constructivism
Models, like myths and metaphors, help us to make sense of our world. Whether it is derived from whim or from serious research, a model offers its user a means of comprehending an otherwise incomprehensible problem. An instructional design model gives structure and meaning to an I.D. problem, enabling the would-be designer to negotiate her design task with a semblance of conscious understanding. Models help us to visualize the problem, to break it down into discrete, manageable units.
The value of a specific model is determined within the context of use. Like any other instrument, a model assumes a specific intention of its user. A model should be judged by how it mediates the designer's intention, how well it can share a work load, and how effectively it shifts focus away from itself toward the object of the design activity.
Models, like other tools, shape the consciousness of those who use them. The tool molds the wielder who molds the tool, ad infinitum. Our models frame the reality we impose on the world and the experience that is forged out of their use brings us to higher levels of understanding about the design problem, but only within the framework of the specific models we adopt.
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